KeplarBot is the visitor you see in your logs as KeplarBot/1.0 (+https://keplar.one/bot). It is not a crawler. It opens one product page, and the product photos on it, only when a signed-in Keplar user pastes that page's link into the Keplar website builder to build a page about that product.
robots.txt first and obeys it (rules for KeplarBot, otherwise *). If robots.txt can't be read, it does not fetch the page.noai in a robots meta tag or an X-Robots-Tag header are not used; noimageai keeps their images out.To stop it, disallow KeplarBot in robots.txt: User-agent: KeplarBot then Disallow: /. Questions or removal requests: team@keplar.one.